1. For the purposes of this Directive, the following definitions apply:
(1) ‘radio equipment’ means an electrical or electronic product, which intentionally emits and/or receives radio waves for the purpose of radio communication and/or radiodetermination, or an electrical or electronic product which must be completed with an accessory, such as antenna, so as to intentionally emit and/or receive radio waves for the purpose of radio communication and/or radiodetermination;
(2) ‘radio communication’ means communication by means of radio waves;
(3) ‘radiodetermination’ means the determination of the position, velocity and/or other characteristics of an object, or the obtaining of information relating to those parameters, by means of the propagation properties of radio waves;
(4) ‘radio waves’ means electromagnetic waves of frequencies lower than 3 000 GHz, propagated in space without artificial guide;
(5) ‘radio interface’ means the specification of the regulated use of radio spectrum;
(6) ‘radio equipment class’ means a class identifying particular categories of radio equipment which, under this Directive, are considered similar and those radio interfaces for which the radio equipment is designed;
(7) ‘harmful interference’ means harmful interference as defined in point (r) of Article 2 of Directive 2002/21/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (
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(8) ‘electromagnetic disturbance’ means electromagnetic disturbance as defined in point 5 of Article 3(1) of Directive 2014/30/EU;
(9) ‘making available on the market’ means any supply of radio equipment for distribution, consumption or use on the Union market in the course of a commercial activity, whether in return for payment or free of charge;
(10) ‘placing on the market’ means the first making available of radio equipment on the Union market;
(11) ‘putting into service’ means the first use of radio equipment in the Union by its end-user;
(12) ‘manufacturer’ means any natural or legal person who manufactures radio equipment or has radio equipment designed or manufactured, and markets that equipment under his name or trade mark;
(13) ‘authorised representative’ means any natural or legal person established within the Union who has received a written mandate from a manufacturer to act on his behalf in relation to specified tasks;
(14) ‘importer’ means any natural or legal person established within the Union who places radio equipment from a third country on the Union market;
(15) ‘distributor’ means any natural or legal person in the supply chain, other than the manufacturer or the importer, who makes radio equipment available on the market;
(16) ‘economic operators’ means the manufacturer, the authorised representative, the importer and the distributor;
(17) ‘technical specification’ means a document that prescribes technical requirements to be fulfilled by radio equipment;
(18) ‘harmonised standard’ means harmonised standard as defined in point (c) of point 1 of Article 2 of Regulation (EU) No 1025/2012;
(19) ‘accreditation’ means accreditation as defined in point 10 of Article 2 of Regulation (EC) No 765/2008;
(20) ‘national accreditation body’ means national accreditation body as defined in point 11 of Article 2 of Regulation (EC) No 765/2008;
(21) ‘conformity assessment’ means the process demonstrating whether the essential requirements of this Directive relating to radio equipment have been fulfilled;
(22) ‘conformity assessment body’ means a body that performs conformity assessment activities;
(23) ‘recall’ means any measure aimed at achieving the return of radio equipment that has already been made available to the end-user;
(24) ‘withdrawal’ means any measure aimed at preventing radio equipment in the supply chain from being made available on the market;
(25) ‘Union harmonisation legislation’ means any Union legislation harmonising the conditions for the marketing of products;
(26) ‘CE marking’ means a marking by which the manufacturer indicates that the radio equipment is in conformity with the applicable requirements set out in Union harmonisation legislation providing for its affixing;
(27) ‘crisis-relevant goods’ means crisis-relevant goods as defined in Article 3, point (6), of Regulation (EU) 2024/2747. of the European Parliament and of the Council (
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(28) ‘internal market emergency mode’ means internal market emergency mode as defined in Article 3, point (3), of Regulation (EU) 2024/2747.
2. The Commission may adopt implementing acts to determine whether certain categories of electrical or electronic products meet the definition set out in point 1 of paragraph 1 of this Article. Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 45(3).